ISLAMABAD: Millions of Pakistanis voted on Thursday in an election marred by allegations of poll rigging, with the South Asian country's most popular politician in jail and a military-favored candidate tipped to win.

Adding to the concerns about the integrity of the vote, authorities announced just before polls opened that they had suspended mobile telephone services across the country "to maintain law and order" following a bloody election campaign that included two blasts on Wednesday that killed more than two dozen people.

Pollsters had predicted a low turnout from the country's 128 million eligible voters following a lackluster campaign overshadowed by the jailing of former prime minister Imran Khan and the hobbling of his Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party by the military-led establishment.

The Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz is expected to win the most seats in Thursday's vote, with analysts saying its 74-year-old founder Nawaz Sharif has won the blessing of the generals.

Outside a polling station in the capital Islamabad, 22-year-old psychology student Haleema Shafiq said she was determined to vote.

"I believe in democracy. I want a government that can make Pakistan safer for girls," she told Agence France-Presse (AFP).

But another voter expressed the doubts of many.

"My only fear is whether my vote will be counted for the same party I cast it for. At the same time, for the poor it does not matter who is ruling — we need a government that can control inflation," said Syed Tassawar, a 39-year-old construction worker.

Polling stations opened at 8 a.m. and closed at 5 p.m., with voters already inside allowed another hour.

Officials deployed more than 650,000 army, paramilitary and police personnel to provide security for an election already marred by violence.

'Security measures'

On Wednesday, at least 28 people were killed and more than 30 were wounded by two bomb blasts outside the offices of candidates in southwestern Pakistan, in attacks claimed hours later by the Islamic State group.

A spokesman for the Interior Ministry said "precious lives have been lost" in recent militant attacks in Pakistan and "security measures are essential to maintain law and order situation and to deal with potential threats."

"It has been decided to temporarily suspend the mobile service across the country," the spokesman said in a statement.

Web watchdog organization NetBlocks warned that the suspension posed a danger to the integrity of the election.

"The practice is inherently undemocratic and is known to limit the work of independent election observers and cause irregularities in the voting process," NetBlocks director Alp Toker told AFP.

"The ongoing election day internet blackout in Pakistan is [among] the largest we've observed in any country in terms of severity and extent," he said.

The Foreign Ministry said the land borders with neighbors Iran and Afghanistan would also be closed to all traffic on Thursday as a security measure.

Thursday's election has a similar air to the 2018 poll, but with the tables turned.

Then, it was Sharif who was disqualified from running because of a string of convictions for graft, while Khan swept to power with the backing of the military, as well as genuine support.

"The history of Pakistan elections is checkered with allegations of rigging but also favoritism for a political party — 2018 saw very similar circumstances," said Bilal Gilani, executive director of polling group Gallup Pakistan. "It's a managed democracy that the military runs."

Unlike the last poll, however, the opposition party has had its name removed from ballots, forcing PTI-selected candidates to run as independents.

Khan, a former international cricketer who led Pakistan to victory in the World Cup in 1992, was sentenced last week to lengthy jail terms for treason, graft, and an illegal marriage.

Analysts say the character assassination shows how worried the military is that PTI-selected candidates could still prove a decisive factor in Thursday's vote.

If Sharif does not win a ruling majority, he is still likely to take power via a coalition with one or more junior partners. This could include the Pakistan People's Party, led by Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari, son of the late premier Benazir Bhutto and former president Asif Ali Zardari.

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