WASHINGTON, D.C.: US manufacturing expanded last month for the first time since September 2022, according to industry data published on Monday, with positive demand and strong output helping to snap 16 straight months of contraction.

The data underscores the enduring strength of the US economy despite elevated interest rates, which is good news for Joe Biden as he seeks to talk up his record ahead of the November presidential election.

But it also highlights the challenges the US Federal Reserve faces as it debates when to start cutting interest rates in a way that doesn't cause a fresh surge in inflation.

The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) said its manufacturing index hit 50.3 percent last month, pushing it above the 50-point mark that separates expansion from contraction.

This was sharply above February's figure of 47.8 percent and was also higher than market expectations of continued contraction, according to Briefing.com.

"Demand was positive, output strengthened and inputs remained accommodative," ISM survey chief Timothy Fiore said in a statement explaining why the manufacturing sector returned to growth.

"Demand remains at the early stages of recovery, with clear signs of improving conditions," he continued, adding that production execution had surged in comparison to January and February.

"Suppliers continue to have capacity but are showing signs of struggling, due in large part to their raw material supply chains," he said.

Four of the six largest manufacturing industries, including food, beverage and tobacco products, registered growth in March, according to Fiore, helping to push the overall economy into its 47th straight month of expansion.

Meanwhile, the ISM's services index decelerated slightly last month, while continuing its expansion for a 14th consecutive month.

"There was plenty to like in the March ISM manufacturing report," Oxford Economics US economist Matthew Martin wrote in a note to clients.

"Comments from panelists in March paint a rosy picture, with strong demand and expectations for improvement," he said.

"Increased demand should not lead to a sustained surge in prices, as seen during the pandemic," he added, pointing to the low backlog of orders and supply constraints that remain "seemingly undisturbed."