JAKARTA: Indonesian Defense Minister Prabowo Subianto on Thursday looked set to become the new president of the world's third-largest democracy, likely avoiding a runoff vote against election rivals who have yet to concede.

The ex-general declared victory on Wednesday night after preliminary counts from government-approved pollsters — previously shown to be reliable — indicated he would win high office with a majority in his third attempt.

The slower, official count by the archipelago's election commission also showed the 72-year-old on course for the presidency at 56.39 percent with 42.5 percent of votes counted, more than double his nearest rival.

"This victory should be a victory for all Indonesians," Subianto told a rapturous crowd in the capital Jakarta on Wednesday evening.

He said he would assemble a government "consisting of the best sons and daughters of Indonesia."

In reaction to his victory, markets in Southeast Asia's biggest economy jumped by nearly 2 percent, energized by Subianto's vows of continuity in the resource-rich archipelago.

His supporters danced outside his Jakarta residence after the preliminary polls showed him winning.

The government-approved polling groups' "quick counts" have also been used to claim victory in previous elections.

Subianto lost the previous two presidential polls to popular outgoing leader Joko Widodo.

But he now appears on the cusp of succeeding his former rival, who observers say has unfairly backed his defense chief's campaign.

Fellow candidate Anies Baswedan, who had been the favorite to battle Prabowo in the event of a runoff, said he would respect the result only when it was finalized.

"We have to respect the people's decision," he told reporters at his campaign headquarters after his rival claimed victory.

A spokesman for Ganjar Pranowo, polling third, told reporters that his team had discovered "structured, systematic and massive" electoral fraud, without providing evidence.

But analysts said a Prabowo win was almost assured.

"It's all over for Anies and Ganjar," said Adrian Vickers, a professor at the University of Sydney.

'Looking forward'

Much was made internationally about Subianto's human rights track record in the runup to the vote.

Nongovernmental organizations and former bosses accuse Subianto of ordering the abduction of democracy activists toward the end of the three-decade Suharto dictatorship in the late 1990s.

Some of those activists have never been found, and witnesses accuse his military unit of committing atrocities in East Timor.

He was discharged from the military over the abductions, but denied the allegations and was never charged.

But voters appear to have overlooked that history as he rehabilitated his image from a feared military figure to a "cuddly grandpa" who dances on social media.

Another key factor in his popularity was picking Widodo's eldest son, 36-year-old Gibran Rakabuming Raka, as his running mate, a move that raised eyebrows.

Last October, Indonesia's then-chief justice Anwar Usman — who is Widodo's brother-in-law — changed the rules that had barred candidates younger than 40 years old from running for high office.

Some observers have also accused Widodo of improperly using government funds to support Subianto, who has rejected accusations of impropriety.

Countries commenting on the election have so far avoided congratulating the fiery populist on his apparent victory, with the official announcement still weeks away.

Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong told a Senate hearing on Thursday that Canberra looked "forward to working closely with the next president" when they are inaugurated in October.

The United States congratulated Indonesians for their "robust turnout" in a statement that did not mention Subianto.

Subianto's sweeping win was also criticized on local and social media.

On X, formerly Twitter, the hashtag #RIPDemokrasi trended overnight with tens of thousands of posts after Prabowo declared victory.

Local newspaper Jakarta Post led with the headline "Prabowo wins" and an editorial that said "the result should not surprise anyone" because of the reports of massive amounts of government resources used to help Subianto.

"In the end, it wasn't even close," the paper wrote.